What are the first signs of an overdose on tricyclic antidepressants?

The first signs of an overdose on tricyclic antidepressants are often anticholinergic symptoms, which include dry mouth, urinary retention, tachycardia, and potentially other manifestations like dilated pupils and flushing. These symptoms arise due to the blockade of acetylcholine receptors. Tricyclic antidepressants have significant anticholinergic properties as part of their pharmacological profile, which becomes pronounced during an overdose situation.

In the context of an overdose, the effects of overactivity in the central nervous system can lead to confusion, agitation, or even delirium, alongside the peripheral symptoms. Understanding this is crucial, as recognizing the early signs can significantly impact the management and treatment of the patient. Other symptoms such as respiratory distress, severe headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal disturbances can occur but typically do not present as the initial signs of a tricyclic antidepressant overdose.